Mariel S. Mitidieri1, Virginia Brambilla1, Martín Barbieri1, Estela Piris1, Ramón Celié1, y Eliseo Chaves2
1Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; Argentina
2Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina
Abstract
An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of INTA San Pedro from 2003 to 2019. Treatments (TRAT) applied every two years were: 1=Control; 2= Solarization, 3= biosolarization with a succession of organic amendments, 4= biosolarization based only on the use of brassicas. TRATs were carried out in spring or summer. The tomato hybrid planted was Superman (Petoseed), except in the last season when it was Rodeo (BHN). The pathogenic fungi monitored were Pyrenochaeta lycopersici, Fusarium solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and nematodes such as Nacobbus aberrans, Helicotylenchus and Criconemella. Fungi of the genus Aspergillus were observed growing on dead sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium rolfsii in TRAT 3 and 4. TRAT 1 showed a higher percentage of dead plants, root rot and lower root dry matter at the end of each crop. TRAT 2 reduced soil organic matter and showed more dead plants and lower yields than TRAT 3 and 4. Tomato and bell pepper crop residues used as biofumigants produced high yield values and adequate pathogen control. Biosolarization in combination with solarization is an effective technique for the management of soil pathogens in greenhouses.
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